how did nikolai yezhov die

By Masha Gessen July 15, 2018 A portrait of Djakhan Abidova, a woman in the Communist Party of Uzbekistan, deliberately damaged as part of an effort to erase her in the nineteen-thirties.. He graduated from the University of Melbourne in 2020, where his honours thesis, which dealt with an Australian-Soviet diplomatic incident in the 1970s, won the Brian Fitzpatrick Prize for Best Honours Thesis in Australian History. Spouse/Ex-: Antonia Titova, Yevgenia Feigenberg, Antonia Titova (m. 1919 - div. This work was originally published anonymously or under a pseudonym: Stalin used the murder as a pretext for further purges; he chose Yezhov for this task. Stalin's Loyal Executioner: People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940 by Marc Jansen and Nikita Petrov is a great addition to the story of Soviet communism, a story that is still unfolding, but has not completely been told. Foreigners were another target of Yezhov's mass operations, especially those belonging to nationalities of neighboring countries, such as Poles, Germans, Latvians, and Finns. Three years after the wedding of Antonina went to Moscow and in 1924 he entered the Agricultural Academy, and at the end in 1929 in the graduate school. He used his safe house of the NKVD in Moscow on Gogolevsky Boulevard as the most convenient place for Dating and intimate relations with women.. After late November 1938, Stalin did not even accept him in his office anymore. Nikolai Yezhov was a sickly young man. The evidence collected against the accused was completely fraudulent. politics - Did 40% of the NKVD (Soviet police) leadership have Jewish The only case when Yezhov exploded, and a scandal was the story with Sholokhov. On November 14, another of Yezhovs protgs, the Ukrainian NKVD chief Alexander Uspensky, disappeared after being warned by Yezhov that he was in trouble. Nikolai Yezhov joined the Communist Party in 1917, was a political commissar in the Red Army during the civil war and replaced Yagoda as the head of the secret police, . Throughout his various posts, he displayed an extraordinarily disciplined work ethic. Nikolai Yezhov Head of NKVD (Source: Public Domain) After killing Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov was placed in charge of the killings as well as the head of the NKVD (The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs) from 1936 to 1939. Despite his significance in understanding the crimes of communism in the Soviet Union, history typically gives little sense of Yezhovs personality and how it fuelled the misery he unleashed on the Soviet populace. The marriage did not last long. His career in politics reflected, Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko This order stipulated the executions of 72,950 enemies, and the arrest and deportation of a further 259,450, with the families of the accused also being deported. Yezhov organized mass arrests, torture and executions during the Great Purge, but he . He also said that he would die with the name of Stalin on his lips. Getty, J. Arch, and Oleg V. Naumov. There will be some innocent victims in this fight against Fascist agents, Yezhov once told a group of Chekists. The latter commanded, and the former executed. Author Nadezhda Mandelstam, whose husband Osip died in the gulag, met Yezhov once and was surprised to find him "a modest and rather agreeable person". I can see it in your eyes that you feel pity for me. After the divorce, Antonina Alekseevna has continued to live and work. Moscow: Rosspen, 2008. In this, it functioned as a sort of abattoir, designed to expedite systematic human slaughter. [7] After Stalin's death in March 1953, Beria became First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers and head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. However, such relationships Yezhov practiced with other fellow sodomites.Soon, Yezhov was retired due to illness, but his lover was killed at the front.then, working as a Commissioner base radiotelegraph units, he was comforted in the arms of his subordinate in radio engineering Antoshina.After the arrest of a disgraced Commissar called his six partners. Yezhovs NKVD thoroughly embodied this randomness. Friends of the accused, and Zinoviev and Kamenev themselves, were promised their lives in return for their cooperation. In 1930 he was promoted to chief of the Central Committee personnel department. A few of Yezhovs close colleagues were arrested in the autumn of 1938. English: Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov (Russian: ; May 1, 1895 - February 4, 1940) was a senior figure in the NKVD (the Soviet secret police) during the period of the Great Purge. In September 1936 Stalin made him people's commissar of internal affairs, or state security chief. Often, he personally knew his victims, who included his godfather and his godfathers wife, and one of his lovers, the wife of the Ambassador to Poland who had refused his offer to move to Moscow with him. But in the late 1920s . Yezhovs rule is remembered as an era of arbitrary arrest, fear, and mass murder. Though between 1937 and 1938 the Soviet propaganda machine had made a veritable personality cult of him, Yezhov was flying too close to the sun for someone who was supposed to be little more than an obedient tool. The Secret History of Stalins Crimes. ." Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Encyclopedia of Modern Europe: Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction. This almost defiantly dissolute behavior caused a negative reaction of Stalin. He commanded a vast network of state terror through the Soviet interior ministry, the NKVD, and had the ear of Joseph Stalin himself. They were to be sentenced by "troikas," administrative triumvirates who were given quotas of arrests and executions that could be raised on request. The author of this work died: [1] (a) before January 1, 1942 or Nikolai Yezhov: A Portrait of the Bloody Dwarf. In August he made Lavrenty Beria Yezhov's deputy; Yezhov rightly understood that the Georgian was his intended successor. What happened to Nikolai Yezhov? - Sage-Answer Held by two husky NKVD goons, a drunken Pauker took to imitating Zinovievs final minutes, when he was being dragged from his cell to his execution. In the summer of 1938 he was in a categorical manner ordered Yezhov to divorce: She is compromising herself by relationships with enemies of the people. In a similar incident, Yezhov sought to hide the defection of an NKVD agent in Spain, Alexander Orlov, from Stalin for fear he would be implicated. A darker entity lay beneath this charming image: A disturbed, anxious man who saw no reasonable boundaries to violence, his obedience to his superiors, or the methods he employed to achieve his goals. However, Georgian NKVD chief Sergei Goglidze warned Beria, who immediately flew to Moscow to see Stalin personally. Nikolai Yezhov was born on May 1 1895 in the Russian Empire either in St Petersburg, Russia ,or probably Veiveriai, Marijampol ,or Kaunas in Lithuania in Imperial Russia . We cooperate with independent historians and researchers. It was a good night. Yagoda kept souvenirs in the form of the bullets that killed Zinoviev and Kamenev, which were extracted from their heads. Her honesty and integrity was so impeccable that neither the repression nor the arrest and the shooting of ex-husband would not touch her. [citation needed], On February 4, Yezhov was shot by the future KGB chairman Ivan Serov (or by Blokhin, in the presence of N. P. Afanasev, according to one book source [33]) in the basement of a small NKVD station on Varsonofevskii Lane (Varsonofyevskiy pereulok) in Moscow. Just hours after Kirovs murder, Yezhov was supervising the NKVD in arresting lists of suspects drawn up by Stalin. Jesse Seeberg-Gordon, Intern at the Estonian Institute of Historical Memory, 08. The Terror touched all social and professional spheres, and was acutely random. Having rapidly fallen out of Stalins favour, and after being stripped of his rank and enduring multiple, torturous interrogation sessions, he was shot as he begged for mercy. Yezhov rose to prominence at the beginning of the Terror, which was initiated by the murder of Sergei Kirov, the Party head of Leningrad and a close associate of Stalin, in December 1934. In one instance, Stalin, on a list of suspects accused of anti-Soviet activity, wrote to Yezhov simply: Shoot all 138 of them. The future chief of the NKVD completed only a few years at primary school before he began working at the Putilov Works in Saint Petersburg. the Intimate life of Nikolai Yezhov began at 15 years old when the boy was sent to Saint Petersburg for training to a tailor. Give him help and cherish him with care [] He is a good man and a very precious worker. Some was what is called a random connection Director Mat Jacob boyars and the chief state arbiter of the USSR Philip Goloshchekin.All were arrested. These facts became known only from the 1990s on, after the fall of communism. Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov, IPA:[nkaj jof]; May 1, 1895 February 4, 1940) was a Soviet secret police official under Joseph Stalin who was head of the NKVD from 1936 to 1938, during the most active period of the Great Purge. Geoffrey Hosking. After his fall, for many years Yezhov was completely ignored. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Tell Stalin that I shall die with his name on my lips, he said as he was executed within his own innovation, the Yezhov abattoir. A contemporary remembered him as a shy, thin man, suffering from tuberculosis. Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov was born in Marijampole, Lithuania, the extremely short son of simple parents. His suspicions were not unfounded as on 22 August 1938, Lavrenty Beria was named his deputy, a colleague he had once tried to arrest but failed. He was frequently sent on leave to alleviate these ailments, including to luxurious retreats in Austria and other such counter-revolutionary countries outside of the USSR. On 4 February 1940, Yezhov was shot by the future KGB chairman Ivan Serov (or by Vasily Blokhin, in the presence of N. P. Afanasev, according to one book source) in the basement of a small NKVD NKVD On Yezhov's instructions, and with his personal participation, they were tortured in order to make them confess to their supposed crimes. [citation needed] After Yezhov's death, Natalia was sent back to a local orphanage and was forced to relinquish the Yezhov surname. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. In 1933 he finished graduate school, became head of the Department at the Institute for sugar beet farming, published a book. There, in the Studio, in full accordance with the traditions of the fashion world and glamor capital it seduced more experienced peers.One of his lovers Yezhov met then in the tsarist army in 1916, and they eagerly resumed their relationship. Tools, as Yezhov would soon discover, are expendable. Yezhov began climbing the ranks of the vast Soviet bureaucracy, and by 1930 he was attending meetings of the Politburo, the executive committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In October 1937, Yezhov formally became a candidate member of the Politburo. However, after Yezhovs death, Natalia was sent back to an orphanage and her surname was changed to Khyutina to bury any association with her foster father. Yezhov was born in 1895 to a forest warden and a maid. As early as September 8, Mikhail Frinovsky, Yezhov's first deputy, was relocated from under his command into the Navy. In November 1937, Yezhov was to kill a former friend, A. I. Yakovlev. "[10] Yagoda became a target because he had been suspected of killing innocents and protecting anti-soviet conspirators by the NKVD. As he ordered mass murder on a weekly basis, he was regularly engaging in drunken orgies with prostitutes, and even his male comrades. Almost all of the accused were executed. Yezhov sang fine. 30 Jun. Stalin did the same with scores of party officials who had been photographed next to him . In a twist of fate, it was Yezhov who eventually fell in the struggle for power, and Beria who became the new NKVD chief.[19]. 3-. Translated by Benjamin Sher. Stalins Fosterling - Nikolai Ezhov. Nikolai Yezhov | Military Wiki | Fandom Nikolai Yezhov - Metapedia A plenum, or plenary session, is a meeting of any organization, group, association, etc., which all members are expected to attend. Yet, his neurotic dedication to his macabre work, for which he kept an incredibly demanding schedule, was taking its toll. This combination of compulsive devotion to his work, nervousness, a short temper, and physical frailty caused him periods of illness, depression, and exhaustion. Pravda, the official newspaper of the Communist Party, applauded him as "an unyielding Bolshevik who without getting up from his desk, night and day, is unravelling and cutting the threads of the Fascist conspiracy". [5] He completed only his elementary education. Though he eventually admitted to being a German Fascist agent, Tukhachevskys confession was stained in his own blood. In this, Yezhovs Terror did not just affect distinguished politicians and generals. Alexander Orlov. Yezhov never finished writing the book. Appointed to head the service in September 1936, for the next twenty-six months he oversaw a purge of Soviet society which still bares his name, Yezhovshchina (the time of Yezhov).

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